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Tuesday, March 8, 2011

HP-UX Overview and Command Summary - page 12

12:08 PM No Comments

Users Administration
Creating Users
  • sam --> user and group accounts
  • useradd -g users -d Username
Creating Groups
sam --> user and group accounts
groupadd Groupname
Useful Commands
Command
Description
or \
autocompletion
file *
Show file types, such as "ascii".
find -name -print
Finds a file in the OS at the starting path on down
grep
groups
Shows groups for a user
kmtune
Displays kernel tunable parameters
listusers -g
Lists the users in a group
ln -s
Creates a symbolic link to a file or a directory
pr -o10 -l64 -F -h


| lp
prints using margins of 10, page length of 64, header on each page
rcp remote_machine:
remote copy
remsh
opens a remote command shell on the host machine
rlogin
remote login to host machine
sar
set_parms
Change host name (/etc/set_parms)
tail -f
Looks at end of file and keeps it open to watch changes
top
realtime display of processes
uname -a
information about the system
print $(uname -i)16op|dc
prints hex system id
who -u, who -Rm
who is using the system

Process to recover from a lost/forgotten root password
1.     Power off the server
2.     Power on the server
3.     Interupt the boot process during the 10 second interval (display will indicate this on the screen)
4.     bo pri
5.     Answer yes to interact with the ipl
6.     At the prompt "hpux -is" for single user mode
7.     cd /sbin
8.     passwd root  and  follow prompts to put in new password
9.     shutdown -r 0  to reboot to multiuser mode



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HP-UX Overview and Command Summary - page 11

12:03 PM No Comments

Starting an X-Window application from telnet

start an X-Window server on the PC, such as exceed
export DISPLAY=W.X.Y.Z:0.0     <---W.X.Y.Z is the IP Address of the PC
/opt/ignite/bin/ignite                          <---Now just run the program


Configuring an HP 700/96 Terminal for a server connection:
  • Terminal Ports
    • Port 1 
      • Datacommunications
      • 25 Pin - use this to connect to the N class server with a 25 pin to 9 pin cable
    • Port 2 - used to connect to an external peripheral
      • Parallel
      • 25 Pin
    • Port 3
      • Datacommunications
      • 9 Pin - use this port to connect to the A class server with a 9 pin to 25 pin cable
  • Terminal Configuration Settings
    • Press User/System function key
      • modes
        • Remote Mode must have an asterisk in it's box (indicating it is selected)
      • config keys
        • datacomm config
          • baud rate 9600
          • parity:  none/8
          • xon/xoff
        • terminal config
          • serial (2)/parallel(1) - 25 pin console port
          • serial (1)/parallel(1) - 9 pin console port
          • Term ID - vt100
          • Term Mode - em100
        • ansi config
          • em100
          • backspace/del

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HP-UX Overview and Command Summary - page 10

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Command Script to print useful information to a file called info
echo "sel path system; info; wait; infolog
>view
>done
>"lcstm>info
#cat info

print_manifest  (located in /var/opt/ignite/local/manifest/manifestinfo ??)

Command Script to print useful information
cstm
cstm>Map
cstm>SelAll
cstm>Information
cstm>Infolog
cstm>exit

Command Script to print useful information  (not sure this is complete/correct)
cstm
cstm>SelClass type "Disk" qualifier "All"
cstm>info;wait
cstm>il
cstm>create /tmp/disk.stm
cstm>done
cstm>quit
cstm>ok

cstm -f /tmp/disk.stm
Terminal Environment
TERM - environmental variable indicating type of terminal
stty
termio

/usr/share/lib/terminfo

setup string for xterm:  /usr/bin/X11 -ls -d @D

$DISPLAY=192.168.70.80:0.0

$TERM = xterm

stty
stty -all

Running Exceed  --> xstart
  • Rightl Click  --> Huge


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HP-UX Overview and Command Summary - page 9

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Changing the Server Name and the IP Address
  • Using set_parms  --> may not work correctly for multiple nics
    • set_parms hostname  ( a reboot is required for the change to take effect)
      • It will prompt you for the new hostname
      • It will prompt you to reboot (answer no if you are also changing the ip address)
    • set_parms ip_address   ( a reboot is required for the change to take effect)
      • It will prompt you for the new ip address
      • It will prompt you to reboot
  • Manually makiing the change:
    • vi /etc/hosts
    • vi /etc/rc.config.d/netconf   <-- ** Make sure that no extra files are in the /etc/rc.config.d directory - it gets sourced on bootup
    • reboot
  • Other files that may need to checked/changed
    • /etc/resolv.conf
    • /etc/nsswitch.conf

System Tuning
Extract Current System File
  • cd /stand/build
  • /usr/lbin/sysadm/system_prep -s /stand/build/system
    • file is called system
    • section called "Tunable Parameters"

kmtune - displays the tunable parameters
kmtune -l  <-- This displays a detailed report of the parameters (current, planned, default, minimum, etc)
sam allows you to tune the kernel
Manual Kernel Build (not using sam)  -->  /usr/sbin/mk_kernel -s /stand /build/system
STM
diaglogd

/var/opt/resmon/log

Procedure to use STM to determine memory configuration
  • Type stm at the command line
  • Type o to select ok
  • Press the down arrow in the displayed map and select memory by hitting the space bar
  • Press tab to go to menus and arrow over to Tools and hit enter
  • Select Information -> and hit enter
  • Select Information Log and hit enter
  • Information Tool Log for Memory will be displayed
  • To print either select Print or SaveAs (to save the log to file for later printing)

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HP-UX Overview and Command Summary - page 8

11:58 AM No Comments

System Information
Note:  See section on STM, detailed system information is available with this utility
           Also SAM -->Performance Monitors --> System Properties

OS Information

uname -a - display general information e.g. OS release, node name, machine ID number, etc 

print $(uname -i)16op|dc  hex system id
/opt/itor/bin/i4target -v     spu

file /stand/vmunix   <-- shows whether 64 bit or 32 bit kernel
getconf KERNEL_BITS  <--shows whether 64 bit or 32 bit kernel

Memory Information
dmesg|grep Phy  <-- List amount of physical ram in server
cat syslog|grep Phy <-- List amount of physical ram in server
echo phys_mem_pages/D|adb -k /stand/vmunix /dev/kmem   <-- Lists amount of  4K Memory pages in HPUX 11.x
echo "memory_installed_in_machine/D" | adb -k /stand/vmunix /dev/mem |tail -1 | awk '$2 > 0 { print $2 / 256 }'  <--  Lists memory in MB.
echo "physmem/D" | adb /stand/vmunix /dev/kmem  <-- Lists amount of 4K Memory pages in HPUX 10.x

model   <-- information about the model of the workstation/server

sam --> Performance Monitors --> System Properties  --> Memory Tab

CPU Information

ioscan -fnC processor   <-- shows information about each processor found

echo "itick_per_usec/D" | adb -k /stand/vmunix /dev/mem | tail -1  <-- Shows CPU Speed in MHZ

sam --> Performance Monitors --> System Properties  -->Processor Tab

echo itick_per_tick/D | adb /stand/vmunix /dev/kmem - gives processor speed 

grep model /usr/lib/sched.models - gives type of processor for 10.X systems 

grep model /opt/langtools/lib/sched.models - gives processor type for 11.X systems 



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HP-UX Overview and Command Summary - page 7

11:56 AM No Comments

Listing all Software

swlist -l product | more

Checking for Specific Software

swlist -l product | grep

Checking for Specific Patches

swlist -l product| grep PH | more

then search for a specific patch (ie PHNE_XXXXX)

Manually applying patches

Patches can be applied using swinstall, just as depots are installed
  • swlist -l patch -a patch_state PHKL_25475
swcopy -s /tmp/*.depot -\*@/var/spool/sw

Cleaning up after applying patches:

cleanup
cleanup -c n  <--  commits patches that have been superseded n number of times.  Useful to free up disk space in /var/adm/sw/save.
cleanup -p  <-- previews the actual cleanup tasks but does not actually perform the cleanup

check_patches
show_patches

Creating a single patch depot out of multiple individual depots:

From the directory that has all of the individual depots run this command line script:
for i in PH*.depot
do
        swcopy -x enforce_dependencies=false -s ${PWD}/$i \* @ /tmp/patch_depot         <-- /tmp/patch_depot is the destination directory
done

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HP-UX Overview and Command Summary - page 6

11:54 AM No Comments

Remote Access
rcp remote_machine:

remsh

rlogin

.rhosts file needs to be configured or else you will be prompted for username and password (located in home directory)

last -R  - gives address information of last remote login, useful for troubleshooting
Software Installation and Management
To install patches and software use:

swinstall  -->  This will lauch the gui or 
swinstall -x

For example some popular options are:
  • -x mount_all_filesystems=false
  • -x logdetail=true
  • -x loglevel=2
Note:  
  • To install a depot you must specify the complete path to the depot and the depot name.
  • To install patches you must specify the complete path to the directory that has the patch files.

Location of  logfiles:
/var/adm/sw/swagent.log
/var/adm/sw/swinstall.log



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