AWS Interview Questions And Answers

The AWS Solution Architect Role: With regards to AWS, a Solution Architect would design and define AWS architecture for existing systems, migrating them to cloud architectures as well as developing technical road-maps for future AWS cloud implementations. So, through this AWS Architect interview questions article, I will bring you top and frequently asked AWS interview questions

Part 4 has covered => Question number 61 to 70, follow below links for rest of Questions and answers. Upto 70 questions and answers are available.

61. How do I transfer my existing domain name registration to Amazon Route 53 without disrupting my existing web traffic?

You will need to get a list of the DNS record data for your domain name first, it is generally available in the form of a “zone file” that you can get from your existing DNS provider. Once you receive the DNS record data, you can use Route 53’s Management Console or simple web-services interface to create a hosted zone that will store your DNS records for your domain name and follow its transfer process. It also includes steps such as updating the nameservers for your domain name to the ones associated with your hosted zone. For completing the process you have to contact the registrar with whom you registered your domain name and follow the transfer process. As soon as your registrar propagates the new name server delegations, your DNS queries will start to get answered.

Section 8: AWS SQS, AWS SNS, AWS SES, AWS ElasticBeanstalk

62. Which of the following services you would not use to deploy an app?

Elastic Beanstalk
Lambda
Opsworks
CloudFormation

Answer B.

Explanation: Lambda is used for running server-less applications. It can be used to deploy functions triggered by events. When we say serverless, we mean without you worrying about the computing resources running in the background. It is not designed for creating applications which are publicly accessed.

63. How does Elastic Beanstalk apply updates?

By having a duplicate ready with updates before swapping.
By updating on the instance while it is running
By taking the instance down in the maintenance window
Updates should be installed manually

Answer A.

Explanation: Elastic Beanstalk prepares a duplicate copy of the instance, before updating the original instance, and routes your traffic to the duplicate instance, so that, incase your updated application fails, it will switch back to the original instance, and there will be no downtime experienced by the users who are using your application.

64. How is AWS Elastic Beanstalk different than AWS OpsWorks?

AWS Elastic Beanstalk is an application management platform while OpsWorks is a configuration management platform. BeanStalk is an easy to use service which is used for deploying and scaling web applications developed with Java, .Net, PHP, Node.js, Python, Ruby, Go and Docker. Customers upload their code and Elastic Beanstalk automatically handles the deployment. The application will be ready to use without any infrastructure or resource configuration.

In contrast, AWS Opsworks is an integrated configuration management platform for IT administrators or DevOps engineers who want a high degree of customization and control over operations.

65. What happens if my application stops responding to requests in beanstalk?

AWS Beanstalk applications have a system in place for avoiding failures in the underlying infrastructure. If an Amazon EC2 instance fails for any reason, Beanstalk will use Auto Scaling to automatically launch a new instance. Beanstalk can also detect if your application is not responding on the custom link, even though the infrastructure appears healthy, it will be logged as an environmental event( e.g a bad version was deployed) so you can take an appropriate action.

Section 9: AWS OpsWorks, AWS KMS

66. How is AWS OpsWorks different than AWS CloudFormation?

OpsWorks and CloudFormation both support application modelling, deployment, configuration, management and related activities. Both support a wide variety of architectural patterns, from simple web applications to highly complex applications. AWS OpsWorks and AWS CloudFormation differ in abstraction level and areas of focus.

AWS CloudFormation is a building block service which enables customer to manage almost any AWS resource via JSON-based domain specific language. It provides foundational capabilities for the full breadth of AWS, without prescribing a particular model for development and operations. Customers define templates and use them to provision and manage AWS resources, operating systems and application code.

In contrast, AWS OpsWorks is a higher level service that focuses on providing highly productive and reliable DevOps experiences for IT administrators and ops-minded developers. To do this, AWS OpsWorks employs a configuration management model based on concepts such as stacks and layers, and provides integrated experiences for key activities like deployment, monitoring, auto-scaling, and automation. Compared to AWS CloudFormation, AWS OpsWorks supports a narrower range of application-oriented AWS resource types including Amazon EC2 instances, Amazon EBS volumes, Elastic IPs, and Amazon CloudWatch metrics.

67. I created a key in Oregon region to encrypt my data in North Virginia region for security purposes. I added two users to the key and an external AWS account. I wanted to encrypt an object in S3, so when I tried, the key that I just created was not listed. What could be the reason?

External aws accounts are not supported.
AWS S3 cannot be integrated KMS.
The Key should be in the same region.
New keys take some time to reflect in the list.

Answer C.

Explanation: The key created and the data to be encrypted should be in the same region. Hence the approach taken here to secure the data is incorrect.

68. A company needs to monitor the read and write IOPS for their AWS MySQL RDS instance and send real-time alerts to their operations team. Which AWS services can accomplish this?

Amazon Simple Email Service
Amazon CloudWatch
Amazon Simple Queue Service
Amazon Route 53

Answer B.

Explanation: Amazon CloudWatch is a cloud monitoring tool and hence this is the right service for the mentioned use case. The other options listed here are used for other purposes for example route 53 is used for DNS services, therefore CloudWatch will be the apt choice.

69. What happens when one of the resources in a stack cannot be created successfully in AWS OpsWorks?

When an event like this occurs, the “automatic rollback on error” feature is enabled, which causes all the AWS resources which were created successfully till the point where the error occurred to be deleted. This is helpful since it does not leave behind any erroneous data, it ensures the fact that stacks are either created fully or not created at all. It is useful in events where you may accidentally exceed your limit of the no. of Elastic IP addresses or maybe you may not have access to an EC2 AMI that you are trying to run etc.

70. What automation tools can you use to spinup servers?

Any of the following tools can be used:

Roll-your-own scripts, and use the AWS API tools. Such scripts could be written in bash, perl or other language of your choice.
Use a configuration management and provisioning tool like puppet or its successor Opscode Chef. You can also use a tool like Scalr.
Use a managed solution such as Rightscale.

Are looking to crack the AWS Architect interviews, following are some of the commonly-asked AWS Architect short Interview questions along with answers:

Q1. What is auto-scaling?

Ans.Auto-scaling is a feature of AWS which allows you to configure and automatically provision and spin-up new instances without the need for your intervention.

Q2. What are the different types of cloud services?

Ans. Software as a Service (SaaS), Data as a Service (DaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS).

Q3. What is Amazon S3?

Ans. Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service) is an object storage with a simple web service interface to store and retrieve any amount of data from anywhere on the web.

Q4. What is SimpleDB?

Ans. It is a structured data store that supports indexing and data queries to both EC2 and S3.

Q5. What is an AMI?

Ans. AMI (Amazon Machine Image) is a snapshot of the root filesystem.

Q6. What is the type of architecture, where half of the workload is on the public load while at the same time half of it is on the local storage?

Ans. Hybrid cloud architecture.

Q7. Can I vertically scale an Amazon instance? How do you do it?

Ans. Yes. Spinup a new larger instance than the one you are running, then pause that instance to detach the root ebs volume from this server and discard. After that, stop the live instance and detach its root volume. Note the unique device ID and attach that root volume to the new server, and start again. This way you will have scaled vertically.

Q8. How can you send request to Amazon S3?

Ans. You can send request by using the REST API or the AWS SDK wrapper libraries that wrap the underlying Amazon S3 REST API.

Q9. How many buckets can be create in AWS by default?

Ans. By default, 100 buckets can be created.

Q10. Should encryption be used for S3?

Ans. Encryption should be considered for sensitive data as S3 is a proprietary technology.

Q11. What are the various AMI design options?

Ans. Fully Baked AMI, JeOS (just enough operating system) AMI, and Hybrid AMI.

Q12. What is Geo Restriction in CloudFront?

Ans. Geo restriction, also known as geoblocking, is used to prevent users in specific geographic locations from accessing content that you’re distributing through a CloudFront web distribution.

Q13. Explain what is T2 instances?

Ans. T2 instances are designed to provide moderate baseline performance and the capability to burst to higher performance as required by workload.

Q14. What is AWS Lambda?

Ans. AWS Lambda is a compute service that lets you run code in the AWS Cloud without provisioning or managing servers.

I hope you enjoyed these AWS Interview Questions. The topics that you learnt in this AWS Architect Interview questions blog are the most sought-after skill sets that recruiters look for in an AWS Solution Architect Professional.

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Wednesday, May 1, 2019